Rooted in the 1971 Treaty of Peace, Friendship, and Cooperation.
Establish a conceptual base using standard textbooks, then continuously update your knowledge using daily news sources and monthly current affairs compilations.
When analyzing any bilateral relationship, structure your thoughts into Cooperation (trade, defense), Conflicts (borders, tariffs), and Convergence (shared global goals, climate change). international relations notes pdf upsc
Strengthening ASEAN centrality and executing infrastructure links like the Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Project. Think West Policy
Mutual respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty. Mutual non-aggression. Mutual non-interference in each other’s internal affairs. Equality and mutual benefit. Peaceful coexistence. Guiding Doctrines Rooted in the 1971 Treaty of Peace, Friendship,
: The Indus Waters Treaty (1960) remains functional despite political tensions, though India seeks amendments to address modern hydrological realities.
Standard UPSC IR notes are structured around four major pillars as defined by the official UPSC Syllabus : Mutual non-interference in each other’s internal affairs
The Tamil ethnic issue, fishermen disputes in the Palk Strait, and Chinese investments in Hambantota Port. India-Afghanistan Relations
International Relations (IR) is a dynamic and critical component of the UPSC Civil Services Examination. It spans General Studies (GS) Paper II in the Civil Services Main Examination and carries significant weight in the Civil Services Preliminary Examination and the Personality Test.
Cross-border terrorism, the Kashmir dispute, and water sharing (Indus Waters Treaty).
Focus on Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Myanmar.